mindmap root((威胁报复毁<br>容放逐消灭)) abolish implies a putting to an end chiefly of things that are the outgrowth of law, customs, and conditions of existence: ~ed a poll tax. annihilate suggests a complete wiping out of existence of something material or immaterial: homes and cities ~d by enemy attack. nihil无，虚无=none，如虚无主义nihilism认为某事没有意义，如existential/moral/hero nihilism人生/道德/英雄虚无主义 如to annihilate the enemy/opponent消灭敌人/彻底打败对手 extinguish is likely to suggest a complete and abrupt ending （as by stifling, choking, or smothering）: a religion that was thoroughly ~ by governmental oppression. 几个词都表示窒息或呼吸困难，stifle表示缺少新鲜空气，choke表示呼吸不畅，smother表示有烟尘，见2018-02-26 窒息suffocate-strangle banish implies compulsory removal from a country not necessarily one's own: a country that once ~ed the Jesuits. 耶稣会会士 exile implies a compulsory removal or an enforced or voluntary absence from one's own country: a writer who ~d himself from South Africa. deport implies a sending out of a country, often back to his or her country of origin, an alien who has illegally entered or whose presence is judged inimical to the public welfare: ~ed many foreign criminals. transport implies a sending of a convicted criminal to a particular place, often an overseas penal colony: a convict who was ~ed to Australia. deface usually applied to inanimate things, implies superficial injuries that impair the surface appearance: ~ a building with graffiti. 涂鸦 disfigure implies deeper or more permanent injury to the surface and permanent impairment of the attractiveness or beauty: a face ~d by scars. avenge suggests that the ends of justice are served OR another is being vindicated OR a merited punishment is administered: ~d the insult to his honor. revenge implies a desire to retaliate or get even and therefore connotes states of malice, spite, or unwillingness to forgive: angry determination to ~ herself for the slight. threaten may imply an attempt to dissuade or influence by promising punishment for failure to obey: ~ a boy with a spanking if he teases the baby; or it may apply to an impersonal warning of something dire, disastrous, or disturbing: heavy clouds that ~ rain. 第二项解释中3个d menace stresses a definitely hostile or alarming quality in what portends: conditions that ~ the stability of society.